SOCIAL REHABILITATION AND ADAPTATION OF THE ELDERLY IN THE EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL SPHERES
IN THE REPUBLIC OF MARI ELNadezhda V. Spesivtseva1, Marina S. Mamontova2, Victoria V. Vaznikova3, Svetlana Y. Smirnova4, Sergei A.Zhuravlev5
1Assist. Prof. Dr., Mari State University, The Russia, snv.marsu2015@yandex.ru
2Assist. Prof. Dr., Mari State University, The Russia, mamontova-ms@mail.ru*
3Assist. Prof. Dr., Mari State University, The Russia, vikvit-007@mail.ru,
4Assist. Prof. Dr., Mari State University, The Russia, jur.ka@rambler.ru
5Assist. Prof. Dr., Mari State University, The Russia, urfin_zhur@mail.ru.
Abstract
The article is devoted to the activities of cultural and educational institutions in solving problems of social rehabilitation and adaptation of the elderly that are significant and relevant in modern society. In the early twenty-first century humanity faced the problem of low birth rates, a significant increase in life expectancy and a steady rise in the number of elderly people. The latter often feel lonely and worthless due to both their psychophysiological and social changes connected with retirement, loss of their social status and low income. The level of social contacts dramatically falls, there are problems of social adaptation, professional activity is not properly replaced by any other kinds of social activity that dramatically changes the psychological state of elderly people leading to depression, psychopathy and even suicide. It is necessary to involve all social institutions in solving problems of social adaptation and rehabilitation of elderly people. The goal of social rehabilitation and adaptation is the implementation of measures aimed at restoring human rights, social status, health, disability.
Today the system of social rehabilitation and adaptation of the elderly involves a wide range of cultural and educational institutions: libraries, museums, universities, etc. Due to their activities in social and cultural rehabilitation and adaptation the elderly participate in social life, educational programmes and cultural events, get new knowledge and skills. The institutions provide the elderly with the opportunity to communicate pass their leisure time, take part in creative activities.
The authors discuss the theoretical basis and the specific character of work with the elderly, which are described in the works of leading Russian and foreign scientists in the field of psychology, pedagogy, andragogy and gerontology. They also summarize the experience of cultural and educational work of universities, libraries, museums with elderly people in the Republic of Mari El, consider main directions and forms of this activity.
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